1、气门的光磨

1. Smooth grinding of valve

在混凝土搅拌机的维修中，如果气门出现烧蚀、麻点及凹陷时，均应进行光磨，一般是在光磨机上进行，作业时需要注意四个问题：一是保证气门头与杆部同心，否则应先校直；二是光磨辆在能磨出完整的锥面的前提下是越小越好；三是尽量提高表面光洁度；四是气门杆端部凹陷应予以磨平。

During the maintenance of the concrete mixer, if the valve is ablated, pitted or sunken, it should be polished, usually on the grinder. Four problems should be paid attention to during the operation: first, ensure that the valve head is concentric with the rod, otherwise it should be straightened first; Second, on the premise that the smooth grinding vehicle can grind a complete cone, the smaller the better; Third, try to improve the surface finish; Fourth, the depression at the end of the valve stem shall be ground flat.

2、气门导管的铰销

2. Hinge pin for valve guide

气门杆与气门导管配合间隙是决定气门导管使用寿命的关键，因此当更换新的气门导管时，铰销时应严格掌握好配合间隙，使用各搅拌车车型规定间隙的下限，可有效延长使用寿命。

The fit clearance between the valve stem and the valve guide is the key to determine the service life of the valve guide. Therefore, when replacing the new valve guide, the fit clearance shall be strictly controlled during hinge pin. The lower limit of the clearance shall be specified for each mixer model to effectively extend the service life.

3、气门的研磨

3. Grinding of valve

气门的研磨分为两种情况：一是气门与气门座只有轻微麻点，不需要光磨和铰销时的研磨；二是气门与气门座均经过光磨和铰销后的研磨。前者先用足金钢砂研磨，将麻点研磨掉后，再用细金刚砂研磨，涂上机油研磨，直密封符合要求，宽度符合规定为止。后者只有密封性达不到要求时才进行研磨，但操作时一定要注意，不要过分用力，严禁将气门上下敲打，否则将出现凹形砂痕，影响维修质量。

The grinding of valve can be divided into two cases: one is that the valve and valve seat have only slight pitting, and there is no need for smooth grinding and grinding when hinge pin is used; Second, the valve and valve seat are polished and polished after hinge pin. The former shall be grinded with full gold steel sand first, and then the pitting shall be grinded off, and then grinded with fine emery and coated with engine oil until the sealing meets the requirements and the width meets the requirements. The latter shall be grinded only when the sealing performance fails to meet the requirements, but attention must be paid during operation to avoid excessive force. It is strictly prohibited to knock the valve up and down, otherwise concave sand marks will appear, affecting the maintenance quality.

此外气门烧蚀主要是由于不合理的使用造成的。发动机长时间在大负荷下工作，超过了设计极限，会引起气门的早期磨损;同时还会引起气门导管、气门座的变形，破坏了气门的密封性，影响气门散热，使气门烧蚀。另外，发动机由于在高温下超负荷工作，容易引起润滑油、燃油的氧化聚合和分解，在气门头部、杆部形成胶状沉积物，使气门的密封面腐蚀，并且导致气门漏气，而发生气门烧蚀。

In addition, valve ablation is mainly caused by unreasonable use. If the engine works under heavy load for a long time, it will cause early wear of valves if it exceeds the design limit; At the same time, it will also cause the deformation of the valve guide and valve seat, damage the sealing of the valve, affect the heat dissipation of the valve, and make the valve ablate. In addition, because the engine is overloaded under high temperature, it is easy to cause oxidation, polymerization and decomposition of lubricating oil and fuel oil, and form colloidal deposits in the valve head and stem, which will corrode the sealing surface of the valve, and lead to valve leakage and valve ablation.

混凝土搅拌机气门的烧蚀是由于不合理的使用造成的，为了防止气门烧蚀，在使用和保养中应做到以下几方面：合理装载是延长发动机使用寿命的关键因素之一。提高修保质量，保养时，应及时的积炭，对密封不好的气门要进行研磨，按规定标准调整气门间隙。不使用不合格的燃油，按规定加入合乎规定的发动机机油。

The valve ablation of concrete mixer is caused by unreasonable use. In order to prevent valve ablation, the following aspects should be achieved in use and maintenance: reasonable loading is one of the key factors to prolong the service life of the engine. Improve the maintenance quality. During maintenance, remove the carbon deposit in time, grind the valve with poor sealing, and adjust the valve clearance according to the specified standard. Do not use unqualified fuel, and add qualified engine oil as required.

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